Learn how Balancer’s StableSwap math failed and how differential fuzzing in Python detects precision bugs in DeFi swap logic for safer smart contract design.
Research topic
Exploit
11 ack3 research articles about Exploit, with linked authors, definitions, and primary technical context.
This guide provides a comprehensive analysis of reentrancy vulnerabilities with examples. Learn how reentrancy works and how to identify it in real protocols.
Learn how attackers can exploit reentrancy vulnerabilities in ERC-1155 implementations to drain vault contracts, with an example real-world attack scenario.
In this article, we'll examine how attackers can manipulate the _safeMint function's external call to bypass minting limits and drain NFT collections.
This analysis examines the 42M attack on the GMX protocol. We provide details of the vulnerability with a working reproduction of the attack scenario.
In this blog, we describe reentrancy attacks in the ERC-777 standard. ERC-777 is a standard for fungible tokens with a hook for transferring – learn more here.
Flash loans enable borrowing without collateral and repaying within a single transaction. While effective, they also introduce security risks – learn more here.
A read-only reentrancy attack manipulate a smart contracts to extract value. Let's take a closer look at this vulnerability and how to prevent it.
This research article reviews how cross contract reentrancy attacks work, an attack example, and guidance on how to prevent cross contract reentrancy attacks.…
What is a cross function reentrancy attack? Cross-function reentrancy attacks use multiple functions to execute the attack, which can occur when inappropriate…
![The vulnerable Vault withdrawal code beside a recursive call-stack graph showing repeated withdraw frames reading the same balance before any frame reaches balances[msg.sender] equals zero.](/_astro/hero.BjCEFGsd_2u77Pn.png)
What is a reentrancy attack? A reentrancy attack is very specific to smart contracts due to the nature of external calls. When a contract interacts with another…