Glossary definition

Proxy contract

A proxy contract forwards calls to an implementation while retaining the address and storage seen by users, commonly enabling upgradeable smart contracts.

also: upgradeable proxy, delegate proxy, implementation contract · reviewed July 22, 2026

Most EVM proxies forward with delegatecall, so implementation code executes in the proxy’s storage and call context. An upgrade changes the implementation address rather than the user-facing proxy address.

That split introduces its own invariants: initializers must run once, storage layouts must remain compatible, upgrade authority must be constrained, the implementation should not be left exploitable, and proxy/implementation selectors must not dispatch unexpectedly. OpenZeppelin’s proxy pattern guide explains the mechanism; the migrated Wake proxy testing guide focuses on test setup.

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